Giallo!
The Long History of Italian Television Crime Drama
Special
issue edited by Luca Barra (Università di Bologna) and Valentina Re (Link
Campus, Rome)
Most
of the Italian television drama able to circulate internationally belongs to
the multifaceted crime genre, both in some sparse examples from the past and in
growing contemporary productions (from premium channels and digital platforms
to public service and commercial broadcasters). However, for many decades, only
a limited range of titles has been given scholarly attention, drawing a useful
yet partial account of an otherwise dense and multi-layered history. Moreover,
exceptions have often been studied far more than the most conventional crime
series in the ‘giallo’ spectrum: most police procedurals are deemed too
formulaic, or too popular, to be distinguished. Therefore, this special issue
intends to overcome these limits by focusing on the historical evolution of the
crime genre inside the development of Italian television, from the early stages
to the latest mainstream and niche successes, and by highlighting the many
crime titles that have become familiar to large Italian audiences.
Through
the Italian crime drama and its evolution over the decades, an original history
of Italian television and media can be easily outlined, where ‘giallo’
would often mark changes of pace, innovations, successes and failures. Already
in the first twenty years of the so-called paleo-television and monopoly
period, crime drama was facilitating the Italian ‘sceneggiato’’s turn towards a
medium-long seriality: the investigations of ‘tenente’ Sheridan (from 1959 to
1972, first with Giallo club. Invito al poliziesco and
later with Ritorna il tenente Sheridan, Sheridan squadra omicidi and Le
donne del tenente Sheridan) or Le inchieste del commissario Maigret (1964-1972),
starring Gino Cervi; or Nero Wolfe (1969-1971). Further
on, it was crime drama that marked the transition—even the lexical
transition—from ‘sceneggiato’ to ‘fiction’, with the great success of La
Piovra (1984-2001). It was crime television that punctuated the golden
age of public service fiction in the late Nineties: Il maresciallo
Rocca (1996-2008), Il Commissario Montalbano (1999-), La
squadra (2000-2007) and the reassuring Don Matteo (2000-).
It was crime drama that underlined the innovations of commercial networks: Distretto
di polizia (2000- 2012), RIS. Delitti imperfetti (2005-2009)
and Squadra antimafia. Palermo oggi (2009-2016). Once again,
it was the crime genre that marked the arrival of premium original productions,
first with Sky – Quo vadis, baby? (2008), Romanzo
criminale. La serie (2008-2010) and Gomorra. La serie (2014-)
– and later with Netflix – Suburra. La serie (2017-2020).
Lastly, crime is one of the main battlegrounds for the return of Rai and
Mediaset competition, innovating genres and aesthetics and establishing global
partnerships, with titles like Non uccidere (2015-2018), Rocco
Schiavone (2016-), La porta rossa (2016-), I
bastardi di Pizzofalcone (2017-), Maltese (2017), Il
Cacciatore (2018) and Il Processo (2019). In Italy,
as in many other countries like the United States, the United Kingdom and
Scandinavia, the entire nation is reflected in the history of its TV crime drama,
mixing the reverberations of a changing society – which experiences new
tensions and conflicts in terms of economic insecurity, political uncertainty,
family and gender norms – with formal experiments and the shared imageries of a
long-lasting, rich and always new genre.
The
editors encourage submissions that cover, but are not limited to, the following
subjects and topics:
1.
The genre and its polymorphism. How has Italian TV, across its entire history,
interpreted the many subgenres of ‘giallo’ (noir, police procedural, legal
drama, detective story, crime, etc.)? How are these subgenres related to
different periods, specific formats, channels and platforms?
2.
The familiar hybridizations with comedy and melodrama. What are the strategies
to ‘balance’ the roughness of crime in the Italian tradition? How have these
interacted with the crime genre?
3.
The less familiar hybridizations with other genres. How have popular genres
like fantasy, the supernatural, gothic, science fiction and thriller impacted
the ‘giallo’ traditions and innovations?
4.
The geography of Italian crime. How have the places represented in the Italian
‘giallo’ changed in television history (center vs. peripheries; urban vs. rural
stories)? How have locations affected the narrative developments, the
production and the national and global circulation of these series?
5.
Literary adaptations and original productions. How has the frequent adaptation
of literary investigators (i.e. Maigret, Nero Wolfe, Montalbano, etc.) influenced
the narratives, characters, production and promotion strategies of Italian TV
dramas? How do fully-original stories differ?
6.
The Italian ‘giallo’ as a transmedial phenomenon. How have crime dramas
hybridized languages, figures, characters and topics from different media, such
as radio, comics and cinema?
7.
Mainstream dramas and quality ‘giallo’. How has ‘quality’ or ‘complex’ TV
impacted Italian crime by featuring ambiguous heroes and antiheroes, multiple
storylines, unconventional locations and a sophisticated visual style? And what
is the role of more traditional, mass-oriented crime?
8.
From amateur to professional female investigators. How have crime dramas, from
Laura Storm to Thou Shalt Not Kill’s Valeria Ferro, shown an increasingly
strong interest in female detectives? How does this help us understand,
question and renegotiate evolving gender and genre norms?
9.
The reality and fiction of Italian ‘giallo’. How have Italian crime dramas
reinterpreted or hinted at the news of ‘cronaca nera’, in a complex
entanglement between unsolved cases and judiciary truths? In which ways has the
recent explosion of serial true crime also impacted fictional series?
10.
The international circulation of Italian crime. After the first success
of La Piovra, in recent years more and more national productions have met
with foreign acclaim. What are the elements that facilitate this international
circulation, and what are the effects on narratives and productions?
11.
Italian ‘giallo’ and the past: national history and national memory. How has
the Italian ‘giallo’ tradition been proven capable of turning our gaze on the
past and addressing unresolved social and political conflict? How do ‘gialli’
contribute to a shared national memory of mysteries and traumas?
12.
Italian ‘giallo’ and the present: social tensions and moral dilemmas. From
financial issues to terrorism, from immigration to the ties between politics,
corruption and organized crime, how has the contemporary crime drama
contributed to narrating conflict and fear in our societies?
The
deadline for the submission of abstracts is 30 April. Interested
contributors should send the following materials to the guest editors Luca
Barra, Università di Bologna (luca.barraATunibo.it) and Valentina Re, Link Campus, Rome (v.reATunilink.it): a 500 word abstract in English of
original and unpublished articles, outlining the topic, approach and
theoretical bases with a relevant bibliography and filmography; and a 200
word biographical note. The accepted proposals will be notified by 31 May;
completed articles should be sent by 15 October for peer-review; authors will
be notified of the results of the peer-review by 15 December 2021.